• School of Sciences and Engineering
  • June 2022
    English
    371 pages
    Life and Health Science
    • The development of insulin-releasing and insulin-like activity therapy from nutrients of mixed food plants extracts (MFPE- Abelmoschus esculentus L., Musa paradisiaca, and Dioscorea dumetorum) for the management of type 2 diabetes was studied using appropriate methodologies, analytical equipments, and statistical tools respectively. Fractionation of the 3 crude extracts gave 14 fractions with ethyl acetate giving the highest fraction of 30% and chloroform fraction the lowest of 12%. The yeast cell line used in this study was very viable 95.9%. The trypan blue dye exclusion and OD600 methods both suggest viability of the cells and effectiveness in interacting with the extract fractions as well as the glucose substrate. The extract fractions were effective both at high and low concentrations and were better compared with Metronidazole (standard drug used). The result shows that the higher the concentration of the extract fractions in the solution, the higher the uptake of glucose by the yeast cell line P<0.05. Complementarily, the antioxidant activity of the extract fractions exhibited diverse functional activities (DPPH, FRAP and lipid peroxidation) comparably with vitamin C (the standard antioxidant drug used) which suggest the quenching of the destructive effects of free radicals responsible for diseases such as cancer, diabetes, etc. which may also suggest healing of the pancreas so that insulin can be better released and opening of the cell membrane for the uptake of available glucose. Metronidazole and similar drugs are known to be burdened with side effects as compared to the nutrients of the extract fractions which are natural antioxidants and are without side effects. The unstructured nature of the extract fractions warranted the application of kinetic models which gave rise to polynomial equations for best fit and the subsequent use of quadratic model to explain the uptake of glucose by the cell line as well as the observed yeast cell growth. The kinetics of extract fractions with high rates were able to meet up with the amelioration or healing faster suggesting that these can be candidates for formulating drugs for type 2 diabetes. The kinetic modeling of the extract fractions with yeast cell line provided a “Time-Bound Insulin Releasing System” (TBIRS) where the uptake of glucose was possible at a specific given time. Predictability of the extract fractions varied as some were able to increase their predictions with an increase in extract concentrations (BC1 and UH1); while others decreased their predictions with an increase in extract fractions (BC2 and UH2). However, extract fraction UE was able to predict both at increasing and decreasing concentrations. Unfortunately, the standard drug was only able to predict its future usefulness at the highest concentration of 500μg/mL; suggesting very low effectiveness and drug performance compared with the extract fractions. Therefore, it is possible to determine the glucose uptake value ‘Y’ when given the time ‘X’ from the polynomial equations generated. Hence, further research is proposed to purify the extract fractions more, identify the specific bioactive component in the phytonutrients and encapsulate same for in vivo trials at various levels.

    Development of insulin-releasing and insulin-like activity therapy from nutrients of mixed food plant extracts (mfpe-abelmoschus esculentus l; musa parasidiaca; and dioscorea dumetorum) for the management of type 2 diabetes

    1. PhD thesis
    2. english
      1. Life and Health Science